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—fromSophie’sWorld
JostienGaarder
TranslatedbyPauletteMiller
DearSophie，
Lotsofpeoplehavehobbies.Somepeoplecollectoldsnstamps，somedohersspendmostoftheirsparetimeonaparticularsport.
Alotofpeopleenj.Butreadingtastesdifferwidely.Somepeopleonlyreadneersorelikereadingnovels，whileotherspreferbooksonastronomy，wildlife，orteologicaldiscoveries.
IfIhappeedinhorsesorprees，IotexpeeelsetosharemyenthusiasIfIramsonTVleasure，Imustputupwiththefactthatotherpeoplefindsp.
Istherenothingthatisusall?Istherenothingthatseveryoterwhotheyareorwheretheyliveintheworld?Yes，dearSophie，therearequestioainlyshouldieveryoheyarepreciselythequestionsthiscourseisabout.
Whatisthemostimportantthinginlife?Ifweasksomeonelivingoarvation，theanswerisfood.Ifweasksomeonedyingofcold，theansweriswarmth.Ifweputthesamequestiontosomeonewhofeelslonelyaheanswerwillprobablybethepanyofotherpeople.
Butwhenthesebasieedshavebeensatisfied—willtherestillbesomethingthateverybodyneeds?Philosophersthinkso.Theybelievethatmanotlivebybreadalone.Ofcourseeveryoneneedsfood.Andeveryoneneedsloveahereissomethifromthat—whiehatistofigureoutwhoweareandwhywearehere.
&erestedinwhywearehereisnota“terestlikegstamps.Peoplewhoasksuchquestipartihasgoneonaslongasmahisplaheuheearth，aobeingisabiggeraahanwhowogoldmedalsiOlympics.
&roagphilosophyistoaskafewphilosophicalquestions:
Hoorldcreated?Isthereanywillbehindens?Istherealifeafterdeath?Hoerthesequestions?Andmostimportant，howoughtwetolive?Peoplehavebeenaskiihouttheages.Weknowofnoculturewhioteditselfwithwhatmanisaheworld.
Basicallytherearenotmanyphilosophicalquestionstoask.Wehavealreadyaskedsomeofthemostimportahistorypresentsuswithmaaoeachquestion.Soitiseasiertoaskphilosophicalquestionsthahe
Todayaswelleadividualhastodiscoverhisowhesesamequestions.YoudoutwhetherthereisaGodorwhetherthereislifeafterdeathbylookinginanencyclopedia.heeellushowweoughttolive.Heoplehavebelievedhelpusformulateourownviewoflife.
Philosophers’searchforthetruthresemblesadeteethihemurderer，othersthinkitwasNielsehepoliesabletosolvearealcrime.Butitisequallypossiblethattheyhebottomofit，althoughthereisasolutionsomewhere.Soevenifitisdiffisweraquestion，theremaybeone—andoahereisakieh—orthereisnot.
Alotofage-oldenigmashavenowbeenexplainedbysce.Whatthedarksideofthemoonlookslikewasonystery.Itwasnotthekindofthingthatcouldbesolvedbydis，itwaslefttotheimaginationoftheindividual.Buttodayweklywhatthedarksideofthemoonlookslike，andnoone“believe”
aheManintheMoon，orthatthemoonismadeofgreencheese.
AGreekphilosopherwholivedmorethantwothousandyearsagobelievedthatphilosophyhaditsininman’ssenseofwohoughtitwassoastonishihatphilosophicalquestioheiro>
Itislikewatgamagictriandhowitisdone.Soweask:howthemagigeacoupleofwhitesilkstoaliverabbit?
Alotofpeopleexperieheworldwiththesameiyaswhenamagisuddenlypullsarabbitoutofahatwhichhasjustbeenshowy.
Iherabbit，weknowthemagihastrickedus.ouldliketoknowisjusthowhedidit.Butwheheworldit’ssomewhatdifferehattheworldisnotallsleightofhaionbecausehereweareiofit.Actually，wearethewhiterabbitbeiofthehat.Theoweenusaerabbitisthattherabbitdoesistakingpartinamagictrilikeus.Wefeelartofsomethingmysteriousandwewouldliketoknoorks.
&dfillintheblankswiththeproperexpressions.
1）IfIramsonTVleasure，Imust_______（容忍，忍受）thefactthatotherpeoplefindsp.
2）Ifweasksomeonelivingontheedgeof______，theanswerisfood.Ifweasksomeonedyingofcold，theansweris______.Ifweputthesamequestiontosomeonewhofeelslonelyaheanswerwillprobablybethe______ofotherpeople.
3）Butthereissomethifromthat—whiehatisto_______（理解，弄明白）whoweareandwhywearehere.
4）Butitisequallypossiblethattheyhebottomofit，althoughthereisasolutioheunderlinedexpressionmeans_____________________.
Notes
1.MaxShulman（1919-1988）:Herolificwriterofsatiricalhumor.HewasborninSt.Paul，Mia，USA，thesonofaRussianimmigraer，andbeganhiswritiheaziheUyofMia.HisworktherecametothenoticeofaDoubledayeditor，whedthestudenttoturworkintoanovel，BarefootBoyWithCheek，whichbecameabest-sellerin1943.Aftergraduation，ShulmaheU.S.ArmyAirCwhichtimehewrotetwomoreheFeatherMerts，aiovelaboutmilitarylife，andTheZebraDerby，publishedafterthewar.Afterreturningtolife，Shulmaimewriter，turningequantityofsteandsplaysandtelevisionscriptsoverthefourdecades.
2.JosteinGaarder（1952-）:Heisaelledauthorofseveralstoriesand’sbooks.Gaarderofteheperspectiveof，expltheirsenseofwoheworld.Heofteioninhiswstorieswithinstaarderwasbornintoapedagogicalfamily.HisbestknownworkisthenovelSophie’sWorld，subtitledAheHistoryofPhilosophy.Thispopularworkhasbeentraofifty-threelahereareoverthirtymillionprint.
3.AlanLightman（1948-）:HeisanAmeriphysidwriter.HeisaprofessorattheMassachusettsIeologyahoroftheiiosellerEinstein’sDreams.HewasthefirstprofessoratMITtoreceiveajointappoihesdthehumanities.
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